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Available in versions: Dev (3.21) | Latest (3.20) | 3.19 | 3.18 | 3.17 | 3.16 | 3.15 | 3.14 | 3.13 | 3.12 | 3.11

Check constraints

Applies to ✅ Open Source Edition   ✅ Express Edition   ✅ Professional Edition   ✅ Enterprise Edition

A CHECK constraint is a simple, yet very effective means of enforcing data integrity on a row basis. Want to ensure a number is only ever positive? Use a CHECK constraint. 

// Create a new table with columns and unnamed constraints
create.createTable("table")
      .column("column1", INTEGER)
      .constraints(
          check(field(name("column1"), INTEGER).gt(0))
      )
      .execute();

// Create a new table with columns and named constraints (recommended if you want to alter the constraint)
create.createTable("table")
      .column("column1", INTEGER)
      .constraints(
          constraint("chk").check(field(name("column1"), INTEGER).gt(0))
      )
      .execute();

Just like the previous constraints, this one can be used by the optimiser to remove some redundant predicates, see e.g. this blog post.

Dialect support

This example using jOOQ:

createTable("table")
      .column("column1", INTEGER)
      .constraints(
          constraint("chk").check(field(name("column1"), INTEGER).gt(0))
      )

Translates to the following dialect specific expressions:

Access, DB2, Firebird, Hana, Teradata

CREATE TABLE table (
  column1 integer,
  CONSTRAINT chk CHECK (column1 > 0)
)

ASE, Sybase

CREATE TABLE table (
  column1 int NULL,
  CONSTRAINT chk CHECK (column1 > 0)
)

Aurora Postgres, Derby, DuckDB, H2, HSQLDB, MariaDB, MySQL, Postgres, SQLServer, SQLite, Vertica, YugabyteDB

CREATE TABLE table (
  column1 int,
  CONSTRAINT chk CHECK (column1 > 0)
)

ClickHouse

CREATE TABLE table (
  column1 Nullable(integer),
  CONSTRAINT chk CHECK (column1 > 0)
)
ENGINE Log()

CockroachDB

CREATE TABLE table (
  column1 int4,
  CONSTRAINT chk CHECK (column1 > 0)
)

Informix

CREATE TABLE table (
  column1 integer,
  CHECK (column1 > 0) CONSTRAINT chk
)

Oracle

CREATE TABLE table (
  column1 number(10),
  CONSTRAINT chk CHECK (column1 > 0)
)

Aurora MySQL, BigQuery, Databricks, Exasol, MemSQL, Redshift, SQLDataWarehouse, Snowflake, Trino

/* UNSUPPORTED */
Generated with jOOQ 3.21. Support in older jOOQ versions may differ. Translate your own SQL on our website

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