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UPDATE .. FROM
Applies to ✅ Open Source Edition ✅ Express Edition ✅ Professional Edition ✅ Enterprise Edition
Some databases, including for example PostgreSQL and SQL Server, support joining additional tables to an UPDATE statement using a vendor-specific FROM clause. This is supported as well by jOOQ:
UPDATE BOOK_ARCHIVE SET BOOK_ARCHIVE.TITLE = BOOK.TITLE FROM BOOK WHERE BOOK_ARCHIVE.ID = BOOK.ID
create.update(BOOK_ARCHIVE)
.set(BOOK_ARCHIVE.TITLE, BOOK.TITLE)
.from(BOOK)
.where(BOOK_ARCHIVE.ID.eq(BOOK.ID))
.execute();
In many cases, such a joined update statement can be emulated using a correlated subquery, or using updatable views. For example, most databases allow for using scalar subselects in UPDATE statements in one way or another. jOOQ models this through a set(Field<T>, Select<? extends Record1<T>>) method in the UPDATE DSL API, for convenience (see the section about scalar subqueries for more details):
UPDATE AUTHOR
SET FIRST_NAME = (
SELECT FIRST_NAME
FROM PERSON
WHERE PERSON.ID = AUTHOR.ID
),
WHERE ID = 3;
create.update(AUTHOR)
.set(AUTHOR.FIRST_NAME,
select(PERSON.FIRST_NAME)
.from(PERSON)
.where(PERSON.ID.eq(AUTHOR.ID))
)
.where(AUTHOR.ID.eq(3))
.execute();
Dialect support
This example using jOOQ:
update(BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE).set(BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK, 0).from(BOOK).where(BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID.eq(BOOK.ID)).and(BOOK.AUTHOR_ID.eq(1))
Translates to the following dialect specific expressions:
ASE, BigQuery, Oracle, SQLServer, Sybase
UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE SET BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK = 0 FROM BOOK WHERE ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 )
Aurora MySQL, MariaDB, MemSQL, MySQL, Trino
UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE CROSS JOIN BOOK SET BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK = 0 WHERE ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 )
Aurora Postgres, CockroachDB, DuckDB, Postgres, SQLite, Snowflake, YugabyteDB
UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE SET STOCK = 0 FROM BOOK WHERE ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 )
ClickHouse
UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE
SET
STOCK = 0
WHERE (NAME, BOOK_ID) IN (
SELECT BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.NAME, BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID
FROM BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE, BOOK
WHERE (
BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID
AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1
)
)
DB2, Derby, Exasol, Firebird, H2, HSQLDB
MERGE INTO BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE USING BOOK ON ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 ) WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK = 0
Hana
UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE FROM BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE, BOOK SET BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK = 0 WHERE ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 )
Redshift
UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE
SET
STOCK = 0
WHERE (BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.NAME, BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID) IN (
SELECT BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.NAME, BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID
FROM BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE, BOOK
WHERE (
BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID
AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1
)
)
SQLDataWarehouse
UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE
SET
BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK = 0
WHERE EXISTS (
SELECT alias_1.v0, alias_1.v1
FROM (
SELECT
BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.NAME v0,
BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID v1
FROM BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE, BOOK
WHERE (
BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID
AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1
)
) alias_1
WHERE (
BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.NAME = alias_1.v0
AND BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = alias_1.v1
)
)
Teradata, Vertica
MERGE INTO BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE USING BOOK ON ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 ) WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET STOCK = 0
Access, Informix
/* UNSUPPORTED */
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